*International Conference on TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FOR GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT Schumpeter and Polymer Research *3–5 June 2012 Harvard Kennedy School Cambridge, MA Co-organized by the Science, Technology, and Globalization Project, Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School Agricultural Innovation in Africa Project, Harvard Kennedy School Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard Kennedy School Contact: katherine_gordon@hks.harvard.edu<https://mail.google.com/mail/?view=cm&fs=1&tf=1&to=katherine_gordon@hks.harvard.edu> Chaired by: Professor Calestous Juma Harvard Kennedy School *Background* The aim of the "International Conference on Innovation and Development" (3-5 June, 2012) is to take stock of the relevance of the work of Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter for developing countries. The conference coincides with the centenary of the publication of Schumpeter's seminal work, *The Theory of Economic Development* (1911). The conference will be held in conjunction with the annual Innovation for Economic Development<http://ksgexecprogram.harvard.edu/Programs/ifed/overview.aspx> executive program. Although Schumpeter's work was clearly framed to address the unfolding nature of economic systems, policymakers and development thinkers in developing countries are only starting to be exposed to his seminal thinking. Many of these countries now embrace the idea of innovation in economic development without recognizing that they are furthering the legacy of Schumpeter. For example, a 2005 report entitled *Innovation: Applying Knowledge in Development*<http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/2098/innovation.html>played an important role in guiding discussions on the implementation of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. But few leaders in developing countries associated the ideas in the report with work on Schumpeter. The ideas in the report have been widely adopted among developing countries and prepared the ground for a commemorative study on Schumpeter's legacy. *Schumpeter’s intellectual legacy* Schumpeter left a rich intellectual legacy of relevance to emerging economies and globalization in general. He is associated with at least four major ideas (in writings between 1911 and 1942). First, he highlighted the critical role that innovation (broadly defined plays in economic transformation), especially through the dynamic process of “creative destruction”. Secondly, argued that technological innovation as an integral part of the capitalist enterprise and not changes in resource endowment was possibly the most powerful driver of economic transformation. Thirdly, he postulated that expectation of monopoly power was a greater source of productivity than the mere act of being in a competitive market. Finally, he stressed the importance of history and outlined the institutional forces that influence the pace and direction of economic transformation. In a posthumous paper published in 2005 entitled, *Development*, Schumpeter provided the clearest articulation of the theory behind his evolutionary thinking. He stressed the role of indeterminacy, novelty and discontinuous leaps. *Objectives* The aim of this conference is to convene a commemorative series of activities on the intellectual legacy of Schumpeter with specific reference to developing countries. Specific objectives of the initiative are to: (a) outline the essential features of Schumpeter's ideas of relevance to development policy and practice; (b) elaborate the elements into a new study that lays out the policy implications of Schumpeter's legacy for development policy and practice; (c) explore the role of innovation in emerging engineering fields, specifically polymer research, in addressing development challenges such as agriculture, health, water, shelter and environmental management; (d) disseminate the results among development policymakers, scholars, and practitioners; and (e) identify new research directions on innovation and development. The conference will also provide opportunities to authors to present findings in their recent books that build on Schumpeter’s ideas.